Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 6-19
Author: Rabie Abu Zamil
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Abstract:
    Social media networks are no longer limited to facilitating communication between people; rather, they have become a crucial and effective tool for disseminating and exchanging experiences, values, ideas, and beliefs. With the increasing use of these platforms, "technical and discursive" opportunities and challenges have emerged for actors and influencers in the religious sphere, necessitating a reassessment of how religious discourse presented on these networks aligns with the issues of various societies.
   Taking Sub-Saharan Africa into account, the central issue of this study revolves around understanding the nature and dynamics of virtual religious discourse within African communities, identifying its key issues, the challenges it faces, the extent of its impact, and how this impact can be measured. The study also examines a set of digital indicators related to the use of virtual networks, the evolution of religious discourse, and the religious landscape of the region.
   The study adopted a qualitative research methodology, incorporating a review of relevant literature and a case study approach, in addition to utilizing observation and content analysis of virtual religious discourse. It focused on four Facebook accounts—Facebook being the leading platform in both Africa and the world—belonging to two Islamic influencers: Ismail Menk, the Mufti of Zimbabwe, and Nigerian preacher Abdul Hakim Abdul Latif; as well as two Christian influencers from the Pentecostal movement, given its shift from the margins to the center of public discourse: Winners' Chapel International and its Nigerian founder, David Oyedepo, alongside Malawian pastor Shepherd Bushiri. The analysis period was limited to one month (October 2024) due to considerations related to the study’s scope and the difficulty of addressing all its variables within a single research endeavour.
   The study’s findings revealed the diversity and interactive nature of virtual religious discourse, encompassing religious preaching, social engagement, and political commentary in Sub-Saharan Africa, with influences from local, regional, and international contexts. In terms of thematic focus, Islamic discourse emphasized fatwas, sermons, community awareness, family guidance, good governance, and commercial transactions, in addition to addressing major global issues such as the Arab-Israeli conflict. In contrast, Pentecostal Christian discourse centered on digital evangelism, the theological interpretation of poverty and prosperity, and alignment with global Zionist narratives, supporting Israel’s efforts to penetrate African communities.
   The major challenges facing virtual religious discourse—which also reflect its impact—include the digital divide, linguistic and cultural diversity within African societies, and restrictions imposed on certain Islamic content. Additionally, internal challenges have emerged, such as the influence of extremist currents on Islamic discourse, while Pentecostal discourse faces the dilemma of translating its spiritual promises into tangible realities in societies grappling with economic and social crises.
 

Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 20-35
Author: Dr. Eman Ragab Zaki Tammam
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Abstract:
   The subject of this article is about the Mau Mau Rebellion in Kenya; this revolt represents an honorable image of the struggle of Africans against the evils of colonialism, and the importance of this subject is highlighted from two aspects; the first is that it is related to a colony that suffered greatly from the woes of the colonizer, especially since both Kenya and South Africa were infected with the epidemic of European settlement; and thus the suffering of Africans in Kenya increased as a result of the white settlers looting their lands and properties with the support of the British colonial administration; the second aspect that shows the importance of this subject is that it is related to one of the British colonies, as these colonies extended throughout the continent, north, south, center, east, and west, and thus we are facing a mighty colonial power that followed many means that enabled it to exploit Africans and drain their wealth.
   Therefore; the Mau Mau Rebellion was not a revolution of the Kikuyu tribe as some claimed, but rather it was a comprehensive national revolution par excellence; All Kenyan tribes participated in it against colonial plunder, which makes it important to present the reasons for the revolution, which reveal the extent of the injustice that all Kenyans were subjected to, and then to address the events of the revolution, which prove the participation of Kenyans from most tribes in the revolution and its logistical and moral support. The Kenyans presented a purely African heroic epic using their simple tribal customs and traditions, and with a few primitive weapons and expertise, they were able to force the British colonizer to leave. In fact, the Mau Mau revolutionaries caused a lot of embarrassment to British colonialism in front of world public opinion at a time when the African national movement had reached its peak in most African colonies, and the departure of British colonialism from Africa became just a matter of time. That is why it was necessary to conclude this research by talking about the repercussions of the Mau Mau revolution on the liberation movement in East Africa.

Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 36-51
Author: Dr. Omer Elkhair Ibrahim Ahmed
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Abstract:
 Election observation missions in Africa represent one of the most important tools used by the African Union and some African, regional and international organizations to ensure the transparency of electoral processes in the countries of the continent and ensure the integrity of their organization and results. Opinions about it have been divided, with some seeing it as a tool used by African political regimes to legitimize and strengthen their power, while others emphasize that it contributes to ensuring the transparency and integrity of the electoral process. Based on these views, the study examines the background, history, and practice of these missions to identify the philosophy and motives that led to their emergence on the one hand, their objectives, their working methodologies, and their positive and negative effects on the reality and future of democracy and its development on the African continent.   

Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 52-69
Author: Ayaa Mohaseb Abd Elhamied Mustafa
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Abstract:
     This study examines decentralization as a mechanism for fostering development and good governance in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a comparative analysis of South Africa and Kenya. The research explores the legal, administrative, and financial frameworks governing decentralization in both countries and assesses their impact on public service delivery, political participation, and socio-economic development.
   Using a comparative analytical approach, the study identifies key similarities and differences between the two models. South Africa has adopted a three-tier governance system aimed at addressing historical inequalities, while Kenya has implemented a devolved system of county governments to promote equitable resource distribution and local autonomy. However, both models face challenges, including unequal resource allocation, corruption, and weak institutional capacities, which have hindered the full realization of decentralization’s intended benefits.
   The findings indicate that the effectiveness of decentralization is contingent on strong institutional design, good governance, and robust financial and administrative oversight to ensure sustainable and positive outcomes. Accordingly, the study provides policy recommendations for improving decentralization frameworks, including strengthening accountability mechanisms, enhancing institutional capacity, and ensuring equitable resource distribution to promote inclusive development and good governance in diverse African contexts.

Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 70-87
Author: Dr. Magdy Mohamed Mahmoud Adam
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Abstract:
    In recent years, the role played by remittances from migrants abroad to sub-Saharan Africa in economic and social development has increased, to the point that they have become the most important potential external sources that can be relied upon to finance development. That can be achieved only if their flow is encouraged through official channels, and their management is improved to maximize their benefits, and to overcome the challenges facing this flow, and to avoid weaknesses at the level of policies and institutions that hinder maximizing their benefits.
    From this standpoint, the study aimed to analyze the development of migrant flows to sub-Saharan Africa, their determinants, and the challenges that reduce their flow, as well as their strategic importance, the role they play at the macro- and micro-economic levels, and the obstacles that prevent their optimal use.
    The study concluded that migrant flows to the region are steadily increasing, to the point that they have exceeded the flows of foreign direct investment and official development assistance in some countries combined. And that they have a positive impact on economic development in the region. At the macroeconomic level, it works in the opposite direction to the economic role, as it is a stabilizing factor for the economy, and it also has an important role in enhancing financial development and competitiveness, and it works as a source of external financing and a guarantor of creditworthiness.
    At the microeconomic level, it works as a driver for capital investment and entrepreneurship and contributes significantly to providing the necessary financing for development, as it works as a channel for savings, an alternative financing tool for investment, and facilitates access to education and health care and reduces poverty.
    However, the high costs of transferring it, and the weakness of institutions, policies, and the economic environment, hinder its optimal exploitation, and may even create negative effects on its flow.
    Accordingly, the study recommended the necessity of adopting appropriate mechanisms that prevent the encouragement of its flow, and its behavior through informal channels, and overcoming the weaknesses in the institutions and policies responsible for directing it, and developing the necessary plans to predict and employ it, and integrate migrants into the development process.

Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 88-101
Author: Dr. Adama Bamba
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Abstract:
    This paper examines the issue of Imperial Agriculture in Africa as a colonial tool that firmly controlled the continent’s agricultural resources. This control led to fundamental changes in production and consumption patterns, deeply influenced various aspects of life, and contributed to Africa’s continued dependency on colonial hegemony. Adopting a Historical and Descriptive-Analytical approach, the paper traces the evolution of Imperial Agriculture in Africa, identifies its key strategies for achieving its objectives, and explores its negative consequences. The study concludes that Imperial Agriculture is directly responsible for Africa’s deteriorating economic conditions, food insecurity, and numerous environmental issues due to policies that undermined agricultural development. These policies include, among others: land appropriation, monoculture farming, reliance on cash crops such as coffee, cocoa, and sugar, and monopolization of agricultural technology and seeds. Today, multinational corporations perpetuate these colonial policies through exploitative land sales and lease agreements, posing serious threats to Africa’s food security and agricultural sovereignty.

Publisher: Qira’at Afriqiyah Magazine
Issue: 64, Aprill 2025
ISSN: 2634-131X
Year : 20
Pages: 102-121
Author: Doaa Abd El Naby Hamed
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Abstract:
    Identity and the African Renaissance is one of the key issues in modern and contemporary African thought, particularly in post-colonial Africa, due to its significance in defining what Africa means. African thought has presented diverse and varied perspectives on the meaning of African identity and the African Renaissance. Among these perspectives, Ali A. Mazrui's vision stands out as a noteworthy approach, as it seeks to reconcile the different cultural influences that shape African identity. This study examines Mazrui's perspective on identity and the African Renaissance by highlighting his interpretation of the cultural heritage of Black Africa and the necessity of harmonizing the three major influences that have shaped African identity. Additionally, the study explores Mazrui's views on the African Renaissance and his proposed strategies for Africa to break free from Western dependency. Furthermore, the research discusses the issue of African unity alongside Afro-Arab unity as a means of confronting Western threats to both the African and Arab nations.